
Situato nel medio Novarese, a sinistra del fiume Sesia, Romagnano affonda le sue radici in epoca romana. Il paese fece poi parte della Marca d'Ivrea e fu donato nell'882 alla Chiesa di Vercelli dall'imperatore Carlo III e successivamente infeudato ai Marchesi di Romagnano da Federico I (1163). Passò in seguito nelle mani dei Visconti con i quali il borgo rifiorì economicamente e attraversò un lungo periodo di pace. Dopo una parentesi di 400 anni circa, in cui fu prima dei Tornielli e poi dei Barbavara, ritornò ai Visconti. Dopo alterne vicende, tipiche di una terra di confine, finì ai Savoia.
Located in the mid Novarese, left the river Sesia, Romagnano has roman origin. The country then became part of the “Marca d’Ivrea” in 882 and then to the Church of Vercelli and later to the Marquis of Romagnano (1163). Then belonged to Visconti, Tornielli, Barbavara and Savoia.
| Abitanti/Inhabitants number: 3702 |
Superficie/Surface: kmq: 18,07 |
Altitudine sul mare/Altitude: 266 m |
| Denominazione degli abitanti/Inhabitants: romagnanesi |
Altre località/Towns: Mauletta, San Martino |
Cascine/Farms: Della Torba, Nuova, Panagallo |
| Festa patronale/Patrons: S. Silvano (10/07) |
Telefono/Phone: Prefisso 0163 |
Codice Postale/Postal code: 28078 |
The abbey of st Silvano (formerly Silano), today a parish church, is the third reconstruction (1856) of an ancient church, documented from 1008 and 1040 as belonging to the Benedictine Abbey of Santa Croce. The church was founded by Bosone, son of Arduin IV and brother of the first Marquis of Romagnano. The first reconstruction was carried out around the mid- 16th century; the structure, a nave and two aisles, was reconstructed again in 1692. Destroyed by fire in 1845, the church finally was rebuilt to its present appearance. Of some architectural interest is the bell tower, with a portico before the entrance; other elements remind of the “west-werk” of the Carolingian cathedral and enable to date the original construction from as early as the 9th century. On the interior, remarkable are the main altar and the ambo (pulpit). The altar consists of a marble sepulchre dating from the 5 th century, once containing the relics of St Silvan; the ambo is a devotional cippus from the 2nd or 3rd century AD, decorated with figures in relief, probably Roman magistrates. In the sacristy are displayed some 16th century paintings of remarkable value, notably a panel from 1513, depicting the Madonna with Child, by Macrino d’Alba; an Ecce Homo dating from around 1575. Only the porticoed bell tower survives from the ancient abbey; but the nearby buildings are supposed to be the remains of the original Benedictine monastery: the most notable is the “cellar of the Saints”, with fragments of 15th century frescoes.
The church dedicated to the Madonna del popolo is located in the center, not far from Della libertà square. It has a clear 15th century structure, though the origin is not documented. A long reconstruction started in the first years of the 17th century, to be completed only at the end of the century, due to the adverse fortunes of the Benedictine community. On the interior are frescoes by Tarquinio Grassi, a local artist, who in 1683 painted free of charge the octagonal dome with female allegoric figures and musician angels. In the apse is depicted the Virgin, kneeling on a cloud, crowned by the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit; this fresco, from 1692, was also painted by Grassi. By the same author are five oil panels of religious subject as well as the decorations of the pulpit and the organ.
The church of St Martin is located near Breclema, a “castrum” documented as far back as the 11th century and later in documentes from 1219 and 1221. Not far from the church are the remains of an old fortified building called the “Castellazzo”. Some recent excavations have attracted the interest of historians and archaeologists: the single-nave church had a double apse to the eastern side and a fenced churchyard, probably an ancient narthex to the western side. The origins date possibly from the Carolingian period.
This tower of square plan was originally included in a fortress of “casaforte” standing at the northeastern corner of a castle. The upper elevation of the tower possibily dates from the second half of the 15th century. It later became the residence of the pretore (high magistrates). From 1870 it is a private home.
The three arcades along the road leading to Valsesia, on the edge of the town, are the only surviving parts of a huge 12th century bridge over the Sesia river linking Romagnano to Gattinara. The bridge was used until 1223, when it was destroyed. The arcades are also named Devil’s gates or Gates of the sins.
The history and ethnography museum was created in 1973. It is located in the center, and contains about 4000 items, displayed on twelve rooms. The objects cover several fields: from agriculture to furnishings, from musical instruments to toys.
Set on a hillock called Monte cucco, Villa Caccia was the summer residence of the Counts Caccia of Romentino. This imposing Neo-classical building was erected between 1842 and 1848 to designs by the architect Alessandro antonelli. The beautiful park surrounding the building displays a rich variety is now owned by the municipality.
The ruins of the ancient Romanesque church of St Peter lie along the road from Ghemme to romagnano. The church, a single-nave and an apse, had a roof covered with tiles. Only a part of the bell tower survives from the ancient building; it consists of rubble masonry laid in regular courses. Verzone reports that traces of Romanesque frescoes were once visible on the interior.
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